The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)     

Emily Keeble  David I. Whiteside  Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

Study of occurrence states and precipitation mechanism of tellurium in Huangtun Au -Cu -bearing breccia pipe in Luzong Basin,Anhui, eastern ChinaSCIEI北大核心CSCD     

王彪  范裕  周涛发  李飞  赵永建  钟镇海  刘冠宇  高轩昊 《岩石学报》2023,(10):3048-3068

隐爆角砾岩筒型金(铜)矿床作为重要的金矿床类型,常伴生关键金属碲的矿化,然而对于此类矿床中碲的分布、分配特征及沉淀机制研究仍较为薄弱。黄屯矿床是长江中下游成矿带近年来发现的最为典型的隐爆角砾岩筒型金铜矿床,伴生有大量的碲化物产出。本文在详细的野外地质工作和岩相学观察基础上,发现碲在矿床中发生了显著富集。通过对黄屯矿床不同蚀变类型矿石及主要富碲矿物开展全岩及微区地球化学分析,明确了碲的分布、分配特征以及初步讨论了碲的沉淀机制。黄屯矿床成矿阶段从早到晚可划分为钠钙硅酸盐、钾硅酸盐、绿泥石-碳酸盐和伊利石-蒙脱石阶段,在不同深度形成了相应的蚀变带,并发育有不同强度的金铜矿化。黄屯矿床伴生的碲储量约有118.71t,平均品位为5.3g/t,达到中型规模,具备重要的综合利用价值。钾硅酸盐蚀变带碲的分布比例最高,占总储量约92.37%,平均品位约为9.6g/t。钾硅酸盐蚀变带内约有89%~99%的碲呈独立矿物,主要以微米级、纳米级的碲铋矿包体的形式分布在黄铁矿中,剩余部分则以类质同象的形式赋存在黄铁矿和黄铜矿内。减压沸腾引起流体温度骤降导致硫化物沉淀,和沸腾过程中释放大量气相H_(2)S,共同导致流体的f(Te_(2))/f(S_(2))比值升高,可能是黄屯矿床中碲沉淀富集的主要机制。  相似文献   

Potential seismic landslide hazard and engineering effect in the Ya’an-Linzhi section of the Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor,China     

《China Geology》2023,6(2):228-240

The Sichuan-Tibet transportation corridor is located at the eastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the complex topography and geological conditions, developed geo-hazards have severely restricted the planning and construction of major projects. For the long-term prevention and early control of regional seismic landslides, based on analyzing seismic landslide characteristics, the Newmark model was used to carry out the potential seismic landslide hazard assessment with a 50-year beyond probability 10%. The results show that the high seismic landslide hazard is mainly distributed along large active tectonic belts and deep-cut river canyons, and are significantly affected by the active tectonics. The low seismic landslide hazard is mainly distributed in the flat terrain such as the Quaternary basins, broad river valleys, and plateau planation planes. The major east-west linear projects mainly pass through five areas with high seismic landslide hazard: Luding-Kangding section, Yajiang-Xinlong (Yalong river) section, Batang-Baiyu (Jinsha river) section, Basu (Nujiang river) section, and Bomi-Linzhi (eastern Himalaya syntaxis) section. The seismic action of the Bomi-Linzhi section can also induce high-risk geo-hazard chains such as the high-level glacial lake breaks and glacial debris flows. The early prevention of seismic landslides should be strengthened in the areas with high seismic landslide hazard.©2023 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

深部地热能开发保温管技术研究现状及发展趋势          下载免费PDF全文

杜垚森  封优生  伍晓龙  师敏  高鹏举  汤小仁  赵远  王晓赛  王庆晓  董向宇  李秀峰 《探矿工程》2022,49(6):138-145

地热能是一种清洁的可再生能源,用地热能替代高碳能源是减少碳排放的有效途径之一。井下保温管技术是影响地热能开采效率的关键技术之一。本文从保温管的结构、材料、保温材料及制作工艺方面介绍了井下保温管的发展研究现状,指出纳米保温材料与真空油管的融合将是未来的发展趋势,真空纳米保温管是用于深部地热能开采的首选,同时也指出了真空纳米保温管的基础结构因素对保温性能的影响机制是研究的重点,为优化保温管的制作工艺、降本增效提供参考。  相似文献   

岩石内应力的X射线-中子散射测量方法     

陈卫昌  李守定  李晓  王思敬  何伦华  刘世民 《工程地质学报》2022,30(1):223-233

岩石内应力的储存和释放对深地资源和能源开发具有重要约束。矿物晶格间距的动态变化是揭示岩石内应力演化的重要指示。X射线衍射法是当前获取矿物晶体结构的主要手段,可以准确测定矿物的特征衍射峰。但是,对于具有复杂结构和矿物组成的岩石,X射线在穿透过程中携带的统计信息,难以反映矿物晶格间距的细节特征。中子射线的能量高、穿透深度大,且与原子核反应,因而能更准确地刻画矿物元素位置和结构细节,但中子的波长较长、校准困难,结果具有不确定性,导致中子射线在岩石内应力研究中未能发挥应有作用。在分析X射线、中子技术优势和固有局限的基础上,提出了岩石内应力的X射线-中子衍射测量方法,重点剖析了该方法的基本原理,提出了该方法的关键技术与研究前景。得出了如下结论:利用X射线在确定岩石矿物晶格参数的优势,结合加热处理等技术,可实现岩石矿物无应力条件下晶格间距的标定; 采用中子衍射技术可精确测量岩石矿物的衍射偏移峰,实现岩石内应力深度轮廓的精准刻画; 结合X射线与中子的优势,可实现岩石内应力绝对值的精确测量。提出的技术手段有利于揭示岩石内应力的微观储存和释放过程,以及长期存留的物质条件和物理力学机制,并有望为岩石矿物组成和微观结构研究提供一种新的技术方案。  相似文献   

三维配管软件在储运设计中的应用     

戴庆 《中国勘察设计》2012,(4):87-89

以宁波瑞福特气体储运有限公司20,000m3低温乙烯终端和配套公用工程项目的设计为例,介绍了PDSOFT三维配管软件在石油化工储运中的应用。通过项目对该软件的使用过程进行较深入的描述分析、同时对该软件在石油化工储运设计中应用前景和应注意的问题进行了说明。  相似文献   

新疆天山北坡一次区域性暴雪形成机制及水汽输送特征分析     

万瑜 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2024,18(4):9-16

利用高空、地面常规观测资料、NCEP/NCAR再分析资料，诊断分析了2017年2月新疆天山北坡一次区域性暴雪过程的特征及成因，结合GDAS再分析资料并采用HYSPLIT模式，模拟追踪水汽源地、主要水汽输送通道及其对水汽输送的贡献。结果表明：此次天山北坡暴雪是在典型后倾结构的高低空系统配置下产生的，中、高纬地区短波槽在东移过程中同位相叠加，为暴雪长时间维持提供了稳定的天气尺度背景；暴雪发生时位势不稳定性加强，中低层持续冷垫抬升是主要的动力机制，较强垂直风切变是降雪强度较大的重要原因，高低空急流耦合激发中尺度垂直上升支和次级环流圈，地形作用对暴雪有增幅作用；暴雪主要水汽源地位于阿拉伯半岛西侧的红海和伊朗高原西南侧的波斯湾至阿拉伯海北部一带，水汽通道主要集中在500～850 hPa，水汽辐合区位于700～850 hPa，中高层有偏西气流、中层有西南气流、低层有西北急流将水汽接力输送至暴雪区；利用HYSPLIT模式模拟发现，暴雪期间，西、东、南边界水汽输入均起重要作用，主要水汽输送通道分别为偏西路径、偏西南路径、局地水汽路径，1500 m高度的追踪，三者贡献率大致相当，3000 m高度，局地水汽和偏西路径水汽贡献率更大。  相似文献   

Experimental and computational validation and verification of the Stokes–Darcy and continuum pipe flow models for karst aquifers with dual porosity structure     

Xiaolong Hu  Xiaoming Wang  Max Gunzburger  Fei Hua  Yanzhao Cao 《水文研究》2012,26(13):2031-2040

In our previous study, we developed the Stokes–Darcy (SD) model was developed for flow in a karst aquifer with a conduit bedded in matrix, and the Beavers–Joseph (BJ) condition was used to describe the matrix–conduit interface. We also studied the mathematical well‐posedness of a coupled continuum pipe flow (CCPF) model as well as convergence rates of its finite element approximation. In this study, to compare the SD model with the CCPF model, we used numerical analyses to validate finite element discretisation methods for the two models. Using computational experiments, simulation codes implementing the finite element discretisations are then verified. Further model validation studies are based on the results of laboratory experiments. Comparing the results of computer simulations and experiments, we concluded that the SD model with the Beavers–Joseph interface condition is a valid model for conduit–matrix systems. On the other hand, the CCPF model with the value of the exchange parameter chosen within the range suggested in the literature perhaps does not result in good agreement with experimental observations. We then examined the sensitivity of the CCPF model with respect to the exchange parameter, concluding that, as has previously been noted, the model is highly sensitive for small values of the exchange parameter. However, for larger values, the model becomes less sensitive and, more important, also produces results that are in better agreement with experimental observations. This suggests that the CCPF model may also produce accurate simulation results, if one chooses larger values of the exchange parameter than those suggested in the literature. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

东海内陆架表层沉积物粒度及其净输运模式   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘升发  刘焱光  朱爱美  李朝新  石学法 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2009,(1)

根据对东海内陆架海底沉积物的粒度测试,运用Gao-Collins"粒度趋势分析"方法,探讨了东海内陆架海底表层沉积物的粒度分布特征和净输运趋势。结果表明,研究区表层沉积物可以分为两类:细颗粒(>5Φ)和粗颗粒(<5Φ);细颗粒分布于研究区的大部分区域,而粗颗粒主要分布在闽江、瓯江等入海河流口门以及马祖等海岛附近;表层沉积物的平均粒径、分选系数、偏态等粒度参数对应性较好,总体特征为粒径越粗,分选越差,偏态更正偏,而粒径越细,分选越好,偏态也较低;粒径趋势分析显示东海陆架表层沉积物的运移模式总体为NE—WS方向运移,而研究区边缘在运移过程中发生向左右两侧的偏移,南部闽江河口区沉积物由近岸向海方向辐射运移,研究区表层沉积物的净输运模式主要受控于流系和地形等多种因素。  相似文献   

海南岛近海海域7个沉积岩芯的现代沉积速率及其分布特征   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

许冬  龙江平  钱江初  席鹏 《海洋学研究》2008,26(3):9-17

利用多道α能谱仪,对2005年8～9月在海南岛近海采集的7个沉积岩芯进行了210Pb的沉积速率测定,探讨了海南岛近海陆架上现代沉积速率的区域性分布特征,结果表明:位于港湾内的B1168站位由于沉积物供应充足,有最高的沉积速率,达2.9 cm/a;位于河口海湾附近且受沿岸流影响的B289站位,有很高的沉积速率,可达1.6 cm/a,沉积环境较稳定;位于西南海底沙脊区北缘且靠近昌化江河口的B97、B135、B10站位也有较高沉积速率,分别达到1.0、0.89和0.47 cm/a,在表层都出现了210Pb放射性活度倒置的现象,表明所处区域有较强混合作用;处于西南外陆架的C4站位受北部湾环流影响,沉积速率为0.6 cm/a;位于东部外陆架的B377站位处于上升流区,沉积速率较低,为0.21 cm/a.可见,海南岛近海陆架上的现代沉积速率存在着明显的区域分布:在物质来源丰富的沿岸流作用区和河口区附近,现代沉积速率很高;在陆架环流沉积作用区,现代沉积速率也较高;在水深较大的外陆架上,由于沉积物供应相对匮乏,沉积速率一般较低;在近岸潮流沙脊区,由于水动力很强,无法形成现代细粒沉积.同时,在陆架上,沉积速率有随着水深的增加而降低的趋势.由此可见,海南岛近海海域的沉积速率与该区的物质供应、水动力条件和海底地形等因素有密切关系.  相似文献